Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan Must Center Human Rights in Border Agreement

Human Rights Watch calls for Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to prioritize human rights in their recently signed border agreement, following past conflicts affecting local civilians. Both countries have ratified the agreement, but the emphasis on accountability for past abuses and respect for community rights remains crucial for lasting peace.

On March 28, 2025, Human Rights Watch urged Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to prioritize the human rights of local populations within the framework of their recent border agreement. Signed on March 13, 2025, by Presidents Emomali Rahmon of Tajikistan and Sadyr Japarov of Kyrgyzstan, the agreement came in the wake of the violent border conflict in September 2022 and has already been ratified by both nations’ parliaments.

Hugh Williamson from Human Rights Watch emphasized the necessity of this step and stated, “Civilians living in the disputed areas between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have long borne the brunt of conflicts over the contested border.” He added that enduring peace depends on restoring trust through respect for human rights and addressing past injustices.

The newly ratified deal entails land swaps and collaborative management of water resources, while imposing restrictions against military escalations. Specifically, both nations agreed to refrain from deploying drones or heavy military presence along the border. This decision follows extensive conflict where, according to Human Rights Watch, over 37 civilians were killed and numerous others were injured.

Documented war crimes committed by both Tajik and Kyrgyz forces during the September clash included drone strikes on civilian areas and indiscriminate shelling. Additionally, abuses emerged from past conflicts, including significant casualties and civilian property damage. According to international humanitarian law, all parties bear the responsibility to distinguish between combatants and civilians, safeguarding the latter from harm.

Human Rights Watch reiterated the necessity for investigations into these violations and for accountability to be established for those responsible, echoing concerns for victims awaiting justice. Importantly, the agreement also involves the transfer of the Kyrgyz village of Dostuk to Tajikistan, with commitments to respect the rights of affected residents.

Efforts to enhance respect for human rights through community initiatives, such as programs aimed at countering hate speech, should be supported by both governments. Furthermore, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are encouraged to endorse international frameworks such as the Safe Schools Declaration.

International partners should assist these nations in fostering a trust-based approach that emphasizes human rights. To ensure a constructive future post-agreement, Williamson remarked, “For this to be meaningful, prioritizing the rights of local people and remedying past wrongs are essential steps.”

The historic border agreement between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan presents a critical opportunity for addressing long-standing human rights concerns in the region. As both nations advance in their ratifications and implementations of this agreement, a focus on the rights and welfare of local communities, along with accountability for past violations, will be essential in fostering sustainable peace and rebuilding trust among border populations.

Original Source: www.hrw.org