NCDC Reports Over 1,300 Deaths from Diphtheria Outbreak in Nigeria

The NCDC has confirmed 1,319 deaths in Nigeria due to a diphtheria outbreak with over 42,000 suspected cases reported. Kano State is notably affected, accounting for 75% of cases. Despite governmental efforts in vaccination campaigns, only 19.3% of confirmed cases were vaccinated, indicating a significant public health concern. Experts urge immediate action to improve vaccination rates and diagnostic capabilities.

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has reported over 1,300 deaths attributed to a diphtheria outbreak that has affected Nigeria significantly. As detailed in the recent situational report from the National Diphtheria Emergency Operations Centre, a total of 1,319 fatalities have been recorded thus far within the ongoing outbreak. Between 2022 and now, the country has seen over 42,000 suspected cases spread across 37 states, indicating a pressing public health concern.

Diphtheria, a severe bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, primarily affects the mucous membranes in the throat and nose. The resultant toxin produced can lead to breathing difficulties, heart failure, and potential nerve damage. Vaccination is integral to prevention, with early treatment options comprising antitoxins and antibiotics. The report emphasizes that the vaccination coverage remains inadequate, with alarming statistics revealing that only 19.3% of confirmed cases had received the necessary diphtheria vaccinations.

Kano State has emerged as the worst-hit region, accounting for 75% of confirmed cases, predominantly affecting children aged 1-14 years. Other states such as Bauchi, Yobe, and Katsina also show significant case numbers. The case fatality rate is disconcerting, at 5.1%, with some states reporting even higher mortality records. Continued surveillance indicates that many cases remain unconfirmed due to delays in laboratory results.

Reactive vaccination campaigns are currently being implemented by the Federal Government in high-burden states, along with community engagement initiatives involving traditional and religious leaders. However, experts express concern over the slow diagnostic capacity, with confirmation of cases in 2024 primarily based on clinical symptoms rather than laboratory testing. This situation could lead to underreporting or misdiagnosis of cases.

To combat the outbreak, experts advocate for a nationwide vaccination initiative to bridge the significant immunity gaps. Strengthening public awareness, enhancing laboratory capabilities for PCR testing, and improving disease surveillance are deemed essential strategies. Public health advocates stress that preventive vaccination should remain a general priority to ensure children’s health against diphtheria, urging parents to ensure immunization compliance.

The NCDC reports a severe diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria, resulting in over 1,300 deaths and highlighting inadequate vaccination coverage. Vaccination remains critical as the outbreak continues disproportionately affecting children. The government is implementing reactive campaigns, yet experts call for immediate nationwide vaccination efforts and improved testing capacities to accurately assess and manage the situation. It is imperative for parents to ensure their children receive timely vaccinations to prevent further fatalities and progression of the outbreak.

Original Source: dailynigerian.com